Contents
Acknowledgments
5
Acronyms and Abbreviations
6
Introduction
8
Part 1: Why are terrorism and violent extremism and radicalization
leading to terrorism (VERLT) relevant for detention monitors?
2
13
1.1
Understanding VERLT
Conceptual challenges
Drivers of VERLT
16
16
17
1.2
Understanding VERLT inside prisons
Factors conducive to VERLT in prisons
Specific categories of detainees
20
21
24
1.3
Practical challenges for detention monitors
Access to facilities, detainees and documentation
Drafting reports and recommendations
27
27
29
Part 2: What are the main human rights issues related to VERLT in prisons?
31
2.1
35
37
40
42
44
48
Human rights risk area 1: Classification, risk and needs assessments
Use of indicators to identify prisoners “vulnerable” to VERLT
Risk and needs assessments tools
Risk and needs assessments for specific categories of prisoners
Arbitrary assessments and over-classification
Bias and discrimination
The right to be heard and to challenge outcomes of risk
and needs assessments
The sharing of information and the right to privacy
Questions for monitors: Classification, risk and needs assessments
48
49
51
Tips for monitors 1: Planning and preparing visits
52
2.2
54
56
62
64
65
67
69
70
73
Human rights risk area 2: The prison regime
Solitary confinement
Instruments of restraint, use of force and transfers
Body and cell searches
Contact with the outside world
Privileged lawyer-client relationship
Healthcare provisions
Requests and complaint mechanisms
Questions for monitors: The prison regime