CHINA’S TRADE IN TOOLS oF
Torture and Repression
Contents
Introduction
3
1. Chinese manufacture of equipment for law enforcement
5
Types of law enforcement equipment
6
An assessment of different types of Chinese manufactured law enforcement equipment
7
Mechanical restraints
7
Electric shock weapons
10
Striking equipment
12
Toxic chemical irritants and kinetic impact projectiles
13
Law enforcement vehicles
15
2. China's abuse of equipment for law enforcement
17
Torture and ill-treatment in detention
17
The misuse of electric shock stun equipment in detention
19
The misuse of restraints in detention
19
Policing protests in China
20
The misuse of weapons in crowd control
21
3. Chinese export of equipment for law enforcement
23
Trade fairs
23
Chinese export controls
25
Export controls on law enforcement equipment worldwide
26
Examples of irresponsible transfers
27
4. The extraterritorial responsabilities of states and companies
exporting law enforcement equipment
29
Extraterritorial responsibility in relation to export controls on conventional weapons
29
The control of law enforcement equipment
30
Corporate responsibility
30
5. Conclusion and recommendations
31
China’s Trade in Tools of Torture and Repression
Amnesty International – Index: ASA 17/042/2014
1