CCPR/C/119/D/2253/2013 Immigration Service. The author submits that, while in Denmark, he participated in several demonstrations against the Iranian authorities, held in front of the Iranian embassy, in particular in 2012 and 2013, including a hunger strike in May and June 2012. He indicates that there is publicly accessible information on YouTube and a public group Facebook profile where he appears with posters against the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Moreover, during the hunger strike, he criticized the Iranian regime in a film that has been shown in the Islamic Republic of Iran. While his criticism was cut from the film, and the film has become pro-Government propaganda, the author claims that given that the film’s director is pro-regime, it is likely that the director has provided the whole film to the Iranian authorities, including the author’s interview in which he criticizes the Government. 2.6 On 25 November 2009, the Danish Immigration Service rejected the author’s asylum request. The author appealed this decision to the Refugee Appeals Board. On 28 April 2010, the Board rejected the appeal. It found that the fact that the author had provided a false date of departure from the Islamic Republic of Iran had weakened his credibility, and noted that the author had also provided contradictory information regarding the date of the arrest of his friend A.M. 4 In addition, it considered the author’s statement about the illegal smuggling of goods and material from the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan not convincing, as he should have been aware of the danger of smuggling such leaflets and yet agreed to continue to do so, even though he had specifically indicated to the Danish authorities that he had never been politically active. The Board also found “remarkable” that the author had not sought to obtain more information about the situation of his friend A.M. after his detention, including whether he had been sentenced, considering that the arrest of A.M. was a crucial element of the author’s asylum application. Further, the Board noted that the general situation of Kurds in the Islamic Republic of Iran could not justify in itself an asylum request. 2.7 The author requested a reopening of his asylum proceedings in August 2010 5 and sent further information to the Refugee Appeals Board in August 2012. 6 He indicated that he had been unable to present his asylum case adequately, as he had been under pressure and “mentally uncomfortable” during the interviews with the immigration authorities, due to the events he had been exposed to in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to the threats received from the smugglers during his trip to Denmark. As a result, he had ended up confusing details and dates in his account. The author had also provided the Board with a summons ordering him to appear before the sixth division of the District Court on 19 November 2008 on the occasion of his “case” before the Court. The author reiterated his allegations regarding the risk he would be exposed to if returned to the Islamic Republic of Iran, adding that due to his participation in a hunger strike aimed at criticizing the Iranian regime and protesting against the situation of immigrants in Denmark, held in May 2012, the risk for him in the Islamic Republic of Iran had increased, in particular given that photographs of the protest had been widely circulated on Facebook. The author also indicated that those participating in the hunger strike had been blacklisted by Iranian authorities, and that their families had been subjected to harassment by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence. 2.8 On 27 March 2013, the Refugee Appeals Board rejected the author’s request to reopen his asylum proceedings, as it considered that no new substantial information had been submitted by the author. 7 It indicated that no evidential weight could be attached to the summons submitted by the author, as it had been served on 10 November 2008, after his departure from the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Board recalled that when the author was asked by the Danish immigration authorities if the Iranian authorities had delivered any summons to him after his departure, he had replied in the negative. In addition, he had not explained how he had come into possession of the summons or why he had not submitted it earlier to the State party’s authorities, taking into account that it dated from 2008. The Board considered that the author’s allegations regarding his mental state when he was interviewed by the Danish police could not change the assessment of his credibility, as the 4 5 6 7 See footnotes 1 and 3 above. The author did not provide a copy of his request. The author sent a letter to the Board about his participation in the hunger strike held in May 2012. A copy of the decision has been provided by the State party. 3

Select target paragraph3