4. Call upon all State Parties to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Charter), which have not yet done so, to urgently criminalize torture. 5. Call upon all State Parties to the African Charter to adopt an official zerotolerance policy with a view to ending impunity for perpetrators of torture and serious human rights violations as well as to actively promote a culture of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, including by supporting and undertaking public awareness campaigns and human rights education of all relevant actors and at all levels; 6. Call upon all State Parties to establish and maintain fully independent, adequately funded and well-functioning NHRIs empowered and capacitated to effectively contribute to the prevention of torture. Plan of Action The participants recommend the following measures as forming part of a Plan of Action to implement the Johannesburg Declaration on the Prevention and Criminalization of Torture. The document is addressed to governments, criminal justice institutions, NHRIs, the African Commission as well as to non-governmental organizations and associations working in the field of torture prevention. It is meant to be a source of inspiration for concrete actions. State Parties  State Parties to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (State Parties), should take urgent steps to ratify and implement the Optional Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Torture, and other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT).  State Parties should develop and implement National Action Plans against torture and secure sufficient funding to support these plans;  State Parties should ensure that there is coherence between international obligations and national legislation and practice, including enacting comprehensive anti-torture legislation that addresses the prohibition and prevention of torture, the needs of victims, and the protection of witnesses. This law should provide that individual perpetrators have personal responsibility to compensate victims, though this should not detract from the responsibility of the State to provide compensation to torture victims.  State Parties should identify and support champions to lead on the criminalization of torture from amongst members of the legislature and

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