CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 5
A.
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 5
1.
Background & other Fair Trials / LEAP training materials ................................................... 5
2.
Scope of this Toolkit ............................................................................................................ 6
3.
How to use this Toolkit ....................................................................................................... 6
a. How the content is organised ............................................................................................. 6
b. The ‘Using EU Law in Practice’ Toolkit ................................................................................ 7
c. A word of caution................................................................................................................ 7
d. Keep in touch ...................................................................................................................... 7
B.
BEFORE THE DIRECTIVE: OVERVIEW OF ECHR PRINCIPLES ......................................................... 7
C.
1.
2.
OVERVIEW OF THE DIRECTIVE .................................................................................................... 9
At a glance ........................................................................................................................... 9
Purpose and objectives ..................................................................................................... 11
1.
2.
PREPARATORY WORK FOR USING THE DIRECTIVE.................................................................... 12
Examine national law and practice in light of the Directive ............................................. 12
Speak to colleagues / bar associations ............................................................................. 13
D.
I – NOTIFICATION OF RIGHTS TO SUSPECTS ..................................................................... 14
A.
THE ISSUE .................................................................................................................................. 14
B.
THE ECHR BASELINE .................................................................................................................. 14
C.
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE DIRECTIVE .............................................................................. 15
1.
Scope of the notification obligation.................................................................................. 15
2.
Notification of rights ......................................................................................................... 16
a. Notification of rights to all suspects and accused persons ............................................... 16
3.
Notification of rights – arrested persons .......................................................................... 17
D.
USING THE DIRECTIVE IN PRACTICE .......................................................................................... 17
1.
Preliminary point: the Directive governs notification, not the actual rights .................... 17
1.
Take action at the point of notification (if you are there) ................................................ 18
a. When assisting a suspect .................................................................................................. 18
b. When assisting a witness who becomes a suspect ........................................................... 19
2.
Challenging the failure to notify rights ............................................................................. 19
a. Paradigm case ................................................................................................................... 19
b. Establish how notification was ineffective ....................................................................... 19
i.
Form and language ....................................................................................................... 19
ii. Timing of the notification.............................................................................................. 20
iii. Dissuasive notification .................................................................................................. 21
c. Document the violation .................................................................................................... 21
d. Establish prejudice ............................................................................................................ 22
e. Invoke the Directive & frame your argument ................................................................... 22
PART II – NOTIFICATION OF REASONS FOR ARREST / ACCUSATIONS ............................... 24
A.
THE ISSUE .................................................................................................................................. 24
B.
THE ECHR BASELINE .................................................................................................................. 24
3