3 Contents List of Acronyms Foreword Introduction PART I GENERAL OVERVIEW AND OPERATIONAL ASPECTS OF TRIAL MONITORING 8 9 11 15 CHAPTER 1: Trial Monitoring: Purposes and Basic Principles 1.1 Trial monitoring – a multifaceted tool 1.2 1.3 16 16 1.1.1 Trial monitoring and monitoring of the justice sector 17 1.1.2 Limits of trial monitoring 18 Basic methodological principles underlying OSCE trial-monitoring programmes 18 1.2.1 Principle of non-intervention in the judicial process 18 1.2.2 Principle of objectivity 19 1.2.3. Principle of agreement 20 Description of the different trial-monitoring methodologies 21 1.3.1 Description of trial-monitoring methodologies according to scope – types of monitoring programmes 21 1.3.2. Description of the working methodology – The “trial-monitoring cycle” 22 PART II FIRST STEPS AND INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ESTABLISHING A TRIAL-MONITORING PROGRAMME CHAPTER 2 Conducting a Preliminary Assessment 2.1 Evaluating in-country conditions, organizational capacities and access issues 2.1.1 In-country conditions 2.1.2 Organizational capacities 2.1.3 Access preliminary consideration 2.2 2.3 Main objectives and focus of trial-monitoring programmes Drafting a programme paper 23 24 24 24 25 26 26 27 CHAPTER 3: Choosing an Institutional Model 3.1 Staff model 3.2 Project model 3.4 Hybrid trial-monitoring model – partnership 3.5 General comparison of staff and project models 29 29 30 32 33 CHAPTER 4:Access to Court Proceedings and Other Access Issues 4.1 Identifying the legal framework 4.2 Methods to increase overall programme access 36 36 37 37 39 4.2.1 Memorandum of understanding 4.2.2 Contacts with court presidents, chief prosecutors and heads of bar associations 4.2.3 Contacts with individual judges, prosecutor, and defence counsel to introduce the trial-monitoring programme/monitor 4.2.4 Identification and informational materials on the monitoring programme 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Access to the courtroom and hearings in individual cases Access to documents Access to closed hearings Access to investigation and pre-trial proceedings and materials 39 40 41 41 42 43

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