page 4 lasted, in some cases, more than 236 days. One of the accused described to the Court the beatings he received and stated that as a result of these beatings, he urinated blood and his leg swelled to the extent that he was unable to walk. Neither the President of the Court nor the prosecutor investigated or ordered investigation into the allegations made by many of the detainees during the hearings and in the complaint. Neither the President of the Court nor the prosecutor ordered any medical examination of the detainees who alleged that they were subjected to acts of torture or other ill-treatment. Furthermore, “confessions” alleged to have been obtained as a result of these acts were admitted as evidence by the Court. Before allowing the admission of such evidence, the President of the Court failed to require the prosecution to prove beyond reasonable doubt that these “confessions” were obtained voluntarily and not by coercive means. Sixty-nine of the accused were convicted on 2 July 2013 by the State Security Chamber and sentenced to serve terms of imprisonment ranging between 5 and 15 years. (For more information about the UAE 94 case, see ICJ report, Mass convictions following an unfair trial: The UAE 94 case.] Preventing and eradicating acts of torture and other ill-treatment in the MENA region requires holding the perpetrators of these acts to account and ensuring the rights of victims to effective remedies and reparation. It also requires comprehensive reform of the criminal justice systems, including laws and policies on detention, evidence, and forensic medicine. Ultimately, however, these reforms will be illusive if, as illustrated by the UAE 94 case and numerous other cases, judges and prosecutors fail to carry out their functions independently, impartially and in defence of the absolute right of the persons deprived of their liberty not to be tortured or ill-treated. The Middle East and North Africa: A Torture-Free Zone

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