Report of the Polish Commissioner for Human Rights on the Activities of the National Mechanism for the Prevention ... 7. Closed Detention Centres for Migrants . ................................................................... 7.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 7.2. Systemic problems . ........................................................................................... 7.3. Strengths and good practices .......................................................................... 76 76 76 78 8. V  iolations of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty, identified during inspection visits to places of detention (selected examples) ................................... 81 8.1. Closed detention centres for migrants . ....................................................... 81 8.2. Rooms for detained persons or intoxicated persons to sober up (PDRs) ........................................................................................................... 85 PART II. ............................................................................................................................... 87 1. F  reedom from torture and other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment ............................................................................................................... 88 2. C  ases of torture identified by the courts in 2016 . .................................................... 98 3. U  se, in psychiatric care facilities, of direct coercion at patient’s request, in the form of restraining the patient ......................................................................... 102 4. The conditions of imprisonment in detention centres assessed by the representatives of the National  Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture as positive.............................................................................................. 105 5. The conditions of imprisonment in detention centres assessed by the representatives of the National  Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture as negative............................................................................................. 109 4

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