CONTENTS
Executive Summary
5
1. Introduction
7
2. Direct contact electric shock weapons
12
3. Body-worn electric shock devices
24
4. Projectile electric shock weapons
28
5. Mechanical restraints
5.1. Standard handcuffs and leg restraints
32
32
5.2.
Inherently inappropriate restraints
5.2.1.
5.2.2.
5.2.3.
5.2.4.
5.2.5.
Fixed restraints
Thumb cuffs
Restraint chairs, shackle-boards and beds
Cage beds and net beds
Prisoner hoods and blindfolds
6. Kinetic impact weapons
6.1. Kinetic impact projectiles
37
37
44
46
49
51
54
54
6.2.
Hand-held kinetic impact weapons
56
6.3.
Spiked kinetic impact devices
59
7. Riot control agents
61
8. Pharmaceutical chemicals
69
9. Training and technical assistance
71
3