...... justice personnel, educators, the mass media, practitioners and scholars; priate measures to ensure the implementation of the present resolutions; 5. Requests the Secretary-General and invites Member States to ensure the widest possible dissemination of the text of the Guidelines in all official languages of the United Nations; 10. Invites the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities of the Commission on Human Rights to consider this new international instrument with a view to promoting the application of its provisions; Back to contents Previous location 6. Further requests the Secretary-General and invites all relevant United Nations offices and interested institutions, in particular, the United Nations Children’s Fund, as well as individual experts, to make a concerted effort to promote the application of the Guidelines; 7. Also requests the Secretary-General to intensify research on particular situations of social risk and on the exploitation of children, including the use of children as instruments of criminality, with a view to developing comprehensive countermeasures and to report thereon to the Ninth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders; 8. Further requests the Secretary-General to issue a composite manual on juvenile justice standards, containing the United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (The Riyadh Guidelines), and the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, and a set of full commentaries on their provisions; 12. Also invites Member States to inform the SecretaryGeneral on theimplementation of the Guidelines and to report regularly to the Committee on Crime Prevention and Control on the results achieved; 13. Recommends that the Committee on Crime Prevention and Control request the Ninth Congress to review the progress made in the promotion and application of the Riyadh Guidelines and the recommendations contained in the present resolution, under separate agenda item on juvenile justice and keep the matter under constant review. 9. Urges all relevant bodies within the United Nations system to collaborate with the Secretary-General in taking appro- I. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Full page view 11. Invites Member States to support strongly the organization of technical and scientific workshops, and pilot and demonstration projects on practical issues and policy matters relating to the application of the provisions of the Guidelines and to the establishment of concrete matters for community-based services designed to respond to the special needs, problems and concerns of young persons, and requests the SecretaryGeneral to co-ordinate efforts in this respect; 1. The prevention of juvenile delinquency is an essential part of crime prevention in society. By engaging in lawful, socially useful activities and adopting a humanistic orientation towards society and outlook on life, young persons can develop non-criminogenic attitudes. 2. The successful prevention of juvenile delinquency requires efforts on the part of the entire society to ensure the harmonious development of adolescents, with respect for and promotion of their personality from early childhood. 3. For the purposes of the interpretation of the present Guidelines, a child-centred orientation should be pursued. Young persons should have an active role and partnership within society and should not be considered as mere objects of socialization or control. 4. In the implementation of the present Guidelines, in accordance with national legal systems, the well-being of young persons from their early childhood should be the focus of any preventive programme. 5. The need for and importance of progressive delinquency prevention policies and the systematic study and the elaboration of measures should be recognized. These should avoid criminalizing and penalizing a child for behaviour that does not cause serious damage to the development of the child or harm to others. Such policies and measures should involve: RIYADH GUIDELINES (a) The provision of opportunities, in particular educational opportunities, to meet the varying needs of young persons and to serve as a supportive framework for safeguarding the personal development of all young persons, particularly those who are demonstrably endangered or at social risk and are in need of special care and protection; (b) Specialized philosophies and approaches for delinquency prevention, on the basis of laws, processes, institutions, facilities and a service delivery network aimed at reducing the motivation, need and opportunity for, or conditions giving rise to, the commission of infractions; (c) Official intervention to be pursued primarily in the overall interest of the young person and guided by fairness and equity; (d) Safeguarding the well-being, development, rights and interests of all young persons; (e) Consideration that youthful behaviour or conduct that does not conform to overall social norms and values is often part of the maturation and growth process and tends to disappear spontaneously in most individuals with the transition to adulthood; (f) Awareness that, in the predominant opinion of experts, labelling a young person as “deviant’’, “delinquent“ or “predelinquent“ often contributes to the development of a consistent pattern of undesirable behaviour by young persons. 6. Community-based services and programmes should be developed for the prevention of juvenile delinquency, particularly where no agencies have yet been established. Formal agencies of social control should only be utilized as a means of last resort. II. SCOPE OF THE GUIDELINES 7. The present Guidelines should be interpreted and implemented within the broad framework of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Declaration of the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and in the context of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (The Beijing Rules), as well as other instruments and norms relating to the rights, interests and well-being of all children and young persons. 8. The present Guidelines should also be implemented in the context of the economic, social and cultural conditions prevailing in each Member State. III. GENERAL PREVENTION 9. Comprehensive prevention plans should be instituted at every level of Government and include the following: 721

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